Arthrosis - arthrosis is well known and widespread among joint diseases.What is it and how to treat it?What are the symptoms of the disease and what are its main causes?
What is arthrosis
Arthrosis is a disease that has a destructive effect on the joints, due to which cartilage degradation occurs inside them.
The long period of the course of the disease leads to a change in bone endings, and inflammatory processes destroy nearby tissues.
The list of articular diseases related to pathology is not small, and is a group of ailments that have a similar destructive effect, but having various causes of the appearance and process processes.
According to the obtained statistics of various types of arthrosis, up to 80% of the population suffer, which makes it the most common joint disease.The disease is so common that it is put in third place after oncology and cardiovascular diseases.
Due to non -compliance with a healthy lifestyle, over time, the risk of the disease increases significantly.
Arthrosis is not such a chopping ailment and is able to hit both men and women.People who have reached the age of 30 are subject to the disease, and over time their number increases freely.
The causes of arthrosis
The reason for the occurrence of such arthrosis and treatment is a violation of metabolic processes in the joint.This leads to loss of cartilage and elasticity.
The reason for this is a significant decrease or complete disappearance of complex proteins from them due to large cracks in cartilage.
Other causes may also contribute to this, for example, a violation of the normal production of complex proteins by the cells themselves.
Additional reasons that have a destructive effect on the joints:
- violation of metabolic processes in the entire body;
- hormonal background deterioration;
- slowing of blood circulation in the joints;
- hereditary reasons;
- elderly age;
- various injuries;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- psoriasis.
But the main reason is non -compliance with normal loads on the joints in everyday life.
In view of his unpreparedness, a person’s reluctance to perform physical exercises in a timely manner, warm -ups to strengthen joints - cartilage is not able to fully fulfill his functions.
A wide list of reasons that can cause arthrosis:
- injuries received earlier, such as dislocations, fractures, bruises, bursts of ligaments and others;
- violation of metabolic processes that support vitality;
- Excessive body weight, which leads to the ultimate loads on the joints;
- acute purulent arthritis leading to inflammation of the joint;
- old age;
- improper nutrition;
- long -term excessive decrease in body temperature;
- autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis;
- body poisoning;
- often arising colds;
- Special diseases: syphilis, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, tick -borne encephalitis;
- thyroid diseases;
- hemophilia;
- Peters disease.
Additional causes associated with genetics causing the appearance of arthrosis:
- The lesion of the arthrosis of the hands and fingers can be obtained by hereditary means, which is proved by scientists;
- In the case of dysplasia, which developed as a result of a violation of the formation of joints in the intrauterine period, excessive joint wear and development of arthrosis may occur;
- The mutations of collagen of the second type can lead to a violation of the internal structure of the fibrillar protein of the connective tissue and the degradation of cartilage.
If you are a mason, miner, fisherman, loader, or your activity is to some extent connected with excessive physical activity, then without conducting any preventive actions, there is a chance to get arthrosis.
Symptoms of arthrosis
For a complete understanding of what arthrosis is and how it is treated, we will deal with external manifestations.
The most common symptoms with arthrosis are:
- the manifestation of pain during loads on the joint that can subside at rest;
- deterioration of motor functions;
- the appearance of crunch;
- The feeling of muscle over the tension around the sore joint.
The main thing is to prevent long tumors, as they can lead to an imminent joint deformation.
Four symptoms of arthrosis:
- Pain manifestations.They are considered the first message to arthrosis of the joints.Although the culprits of pain can be a variety of reasons, but in the case of arthrosis, pains have certain features.The main thing is the presence of sharp pains that appear while moving in the place of the damaged joint.Pains disappear after information to a minimum of functional activity.At night, pain does not manifest themselves in any way, only with coups from side to side, a little discomfort is possible.In a state of immobility, pain can manifest only in advanced forms.At this time, the process of falling asleep can be difficult.Symptoms are resumed when early morning.With the development of the disease, a person needs more and more time to relax and recovery.Even later, even at rest, the pain does not stop, turning life into constant torment.There is almost complete wear of the cartilage, as a result of which the bone is exposed, osteophytes are erased.
- The appearance of crunch.A symptom that should not be neglected.A crunch appears due to friction of the bones against each other, because the softness between them decreases - as a result, a distinct “dry” sound appears.Although, it can occur with other ailments, and sometimes even when the joints are healthy.In severe forms of the disease, sound can become brighter than expressed, and the pain intensifies.
- Deterioration of articular mobility.This is an additional symptom that does not accompany arthrosis at the initial stages, but in a neglected state stimulates the excessive growth of inter --is -bearing formations, which leads to spasms, and the gap between the joints is almost completely overgrown.And this is the main reason for the loss of mobility.
- Joint deformation.This symptom involves degrading changes in the surface surfaces due to the growth of osteophytes and the flow of synovial fluid.It is one of the latest symptoms of arthrosis.
Due to the alternation of periods of remission and exacerbation, independent diagnosis of arthrosis is significantly difficult.Therefore, relying only on personal sensations is not enough-the help of a specialist doctor is required.
Diagnostics - arthrosis
To detect possible signs indicating the presence of the disease and the degree of its complexity, the study is used using radiography:
- At the first stage, osteophytes are not yet present, and the gap between the joints is narrowed minimally.
- The second stage is characterized by a decrease in the joint gap, with a slight appearance of osteophytes.
- In the third stage, a decrease in the joint gap is clearly noticeable, osteophytes form a large amount, deformation processes begin to occur.
- At the last fourth stage, the gap between the joints almost completely disappears, osteophytes appear the maximum possible amount, deformation processes occur in full swing.
The negative consequences of arthrosis
Ignoring the timely treatment of arthrosis entails not only the complete irreversible damage to the joint, but also provokes damage to the spine.
In intervertebral discs, hernias can form.Arthrosis is able to spread to other, still healthy joints.
Treatment methodology
As with any other dangerous disease, the treatment is best not to be launched by performing it at an early stage.
Methods of treatment should be comprehensive and aimed at eliminating links that contribute to the development of the disease, as well as strengthening those factors that help to recover.
What is this in the treatment of arthrosis?The integrated approach in therapy is the use of drugs of anti -inflammatory and analgesic effects.
At the same time, physiotherapeutic courses are necessarily conducting.In case of treatment with the sanitary-resort method, climatic conditions should be selected so that the effect on the joints is as favorable as possible.
The program should have procedures in mineral waters and mud baths.
The essence of the treatment of arthrosis is as follows
- Sick joints should be subjected to loads as little as possible, it is especially important to take this into account in the process of treatment;
- The orthopedic regime cannot be ignored;
- Compulsory health exercises;
- Conducting physiotherapeutic procedures, such as: electrical procedures, shock-wave procedures, laser therapy;
- Sanatorium healing - prescribed by a doctor and is recommended for passing at special resorts once a year;
- Conducting special therapy - the introduction of oxygen into the joint;
- Drug treatment;
- Intraosseous blockade;
- The transition to proper healthy diet.
Types of drug treatment
- Funds that eliminate inflammatory processes.Carrying out comprehensive treatment, there is a chance to significantly slow down the course of the disease, thereby riding yourself of pain torment in the future.The medicinal method of treatment involves quenching pain and removing inflammatory processes in the joints.For these purposes, non -steroidal preparations are selected.Often they are administered intravenously or intramuscularly, since their oral use can cause irritation of the gastric walls.As an additional tool, various ointments are used, but in view of their weak body perception, they have small efficiency, so they are used very rarely.
- Hormonal corticosteroids.Such drugs are prescribed when the disease acquires a heightened character.They are inserted into the joint.On the damaged joint, an ointment, patch or tincture with burning pepper is applied from the outside.
- Symptomatic preparations of a slow action.They will help with the regeneration of cartilage, and also improve the properties of synovial fluid.
The use time of these drugs can be long and does not stop until the patient becomes noticeably better.
In case of non -provision with drugs of the expected positive effect, their use is canceled.
In parallel with special drugs, it should be taken with hyaluronic acid, which helps the creation of cell membranes in articular cartilage.
In very rare cases, when no other drugs give a positive effect, narcotic analgesics can be prescribed.
Healthy nutrition for patients with arthrosis
Nutrition is perhaps the most important issue, which needs to be solved as soon as possible with a deterioration in arthrosis.No matter what drugs the patient is treated, with improper nutrition, all these efforts can be in vain.
First of all, you need to eat moderately.For those who have overweight, you need to urgently lose weight, but do not force yourself to starve, since the body needs to constantly receive all trace elements in sufficient quantities.
It is necessary to limit yourself to the use of fast carbohydrates contained in sweet foods, as well as flour products.You should refuse alcohol, in particular, beer.
Fish dishes are welcome.It is worth choosing low -fat varieties and fish should not be cooked in fried form.
It is recommended to use a junction for arthrosis.Since a huge number of trace elements are stored in its composition, it will be useful for sick joints.
The collagen contained in it is of natural origin, which means that it is easily absorbed by the body and will serve as a foundation for connective tissue.With prolonged use of the junction, the joints will become more mobile, and nearby fabrics - elastic and durable.
An important factor in the treatment is the timely use of a sufficient amount of vitamins, especially group B. They ensure the normalization of metabolic processes in the body.Tiamin, contained in beans and peas, will improve the exchange process of fats, proteins and carbohydrates.
In order for hemoglobin to be produced in the blood, pyridoxine is necessary.This substance is rich in potatoes, bananas, cabbage and nuts.Riboflavin is saturated with eggs, liver, dairy products and mushrooms.
Legumes and herbs provide the body with folic acid.
Vitamins and trace elements obtained from food than drugs are absorbed by the body better, which is an important factor in the process of restoration of cartilage tissue.
You should adhere to certain nutrition rules in the treatment of arthrosis
- You should take food often in small portions;
- You can’t eat before bedtime, you should refuse food that is heavy for the stomach;
- To facilitate the load on sore joints, it is necessary to control weight and prevent obesity;
- Walking after eating during remission - useful prevention of exacerbation of joint diseases;
- The selection or adjustment of the diet together with the doctor will provide proper balanced diet.
Thus, arthrosis can be defeated.It is important to adhere to treatment methods and listen to the advice of the attending physician.